Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml

Description

About

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml belongs to a class of drugs called “Cephalosporins”, specifically used in the treatment of bacterial infections. It is known to be Beta-Lactam, a broad-spectrum antibiotic i.e., it works against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria. Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is chemically composed of Cefepime, a 4th generation cephalosporin. It is effective against a variety of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive microbes. It has better clinical efficacy against these bacteria than the previous generations of cephalosporins.

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is used in the treatment of bacterial infections of the lungs (including pneumonia), kidney, and urinary tract, and abdomen infections such as peritonitis, gall bladder, and skin infections. It can also be used in patients with neutropenia who are at risk of severe infection. It is not effective against viral infections such as flu or viral fever. Therefore, using any antibiotic when it is not required may decrease its efficacy for future infections. On the other hand, some people might be allergic to penicillin antibiotics, and they will also not be able to take Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml.

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml contains Cefepime, a chemical that is not well absorbed into the blood if taken by mouth in tablet or capsule forms, so it is available on prescription in the form of an injection to be administered into the muscles or veins. Dosage of Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml depends on age, weight, patient’s response to the medicine, and their comorbidities. Kidney function should be normal to take this medicine. A drug dose regimen must be strictly followed without skipping any doses to avoid bacterial resistance. Common side effects of this medication are nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion (stomachache), skin rash.

Indications

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is prescribed to treat: 

• Infections of the respiratory tract like Pneumonia (nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs)
• Abdominal infections
• Urinary tract (UTIs)
• Meningitis 
• Skin infections
• Gynecological infections
• Febrile neutropenia (Patients with leukopenia/neutropenia suspected to have a bacterial infection)

How does Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml work?

It is an antibiotic belonging to a class of drugs called Cephalosporins. They work by preventing the bacteria from forming an important compound (peptidoglycan) for their protective outer coating, called the cell wall essential to bacterial cell survival, growth, and multiplication, thereby killing them. 

How to use Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is exclusively used to treat bacterial infections, without any impact on other microbes such as viruses and, fungi. It is given intravenously or intramuscular injection in dosage (usually  8 – 12 hourly) depending upon the severity of the infection and kidney function. Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml must not be used without an our doctor’s advice to avoid bacterial resistance.

Dosage 

Dosage is completely dependent on the weight, age, severity of infection, patient’s response to the medicine, and their comorbidities. Your doctor may vary your dosage accordingly.

Dosage forms and potencies:

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is available in the following potencies:

• 250 grams    IM, IV
• 500 grams    IM, IV
• 1 gram          IM, IV
• 1 gram          IV

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is available in injection form which can be given via slow infusion over 30 minutes. Intramuscular injection can also be administered deep into the muscle. IV antibiotics are administered mostly in a healthcare facility or sometimes at home, these can also be diluted with other injectable solutions matching the compatibility (such as sodium chloride solution, ringer’s lactate, etc.) with Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml other than some contraindicated products. When using at home make sure you understand the correct ratio and method of diluting the Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml. A healthcare provider can help you maintain an IV line at home. Caregivers can also be taught the technique of administering antibiotics, more appropriately, a visiting nurse can be appointed to give you the medication.

Preparation

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is supplied as a powder in a glass vial with a diluent/solvent in a plastic container which must be assembled into an injectable solution under clean, sterile conditions. Follow the instructions regarding the diluent amount given on the label. Clean the top of the glass vial containing powder with an alcohol swab. Now gently pull out the cap. The second plastic container carries the diluent, carefully squeeze the container, and pull out the inner cap. Mix the 2 contents into a solution form by injecting solvent/diluent into a glass vial according to the instructions provided with Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml. A new, sterile syringe must always be used and properly discarded following universal protocol for sharps disposal. To give IV infusion can also be given after accurate dilution through an IV line established by a healthcare professional.

Dosage

Following doses are commonly prescribed to treat an ongoing infection for 7-10 days but can be extended if the infection is severe, however, make sure to follow your doctor’s prescription strictly:

• Meningitis – caused by bacterial species including Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococci, and H. Influenzae being the common ones.

              2g IV infusion every 8 hours

• Pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infections – caused by bacterial species including Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, and H. Influenzae being the common ones.

            1 –  2g IV  infusion every 8 – 12 hours

• Complicated Urinary Tract infections by E.coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus are the common ones.

           2g IV infusion   every 12 hours 

• Uncomplicated UTI: 500 mg to 1 g, IV/ IM every 12 hours
• Skin Infections: 2 g, IV,  12 hourlies
• Severe Abdominal Infections (given in combination with metronidazole)

             2 grams IV infusion,  8hourly

• Febrile Neutropenia – due to suspected bacterial infection

            2 grams IV, every 8 hours

*Daily maximum safe dose: 6 – 8 grams

Recommended Pediatric Dosage (2 months – 16 years): 

For Infections of the lungs, skin, kidneys, etc. following doses may be used as per body weight.

40 kgs: 50 mg/kg intravenous, every 12 hours 

For complicated infections or/ individuals weighing > 40 kgs: 50 mg/kg every 8 hours

*Daily maximum safe dose: 2 grams (This may vary according to the infection)

Recommended Elderly Dosage: Doses must be adjusted keeping in mind comorbidities. Moreover, Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is excreted mostly by the kidney, therefore while administering the drug to elderly patients (65 years and above) careful consideration must be given to renal function while deciding upon the dose. 

Pregnancy Use and Lactation

 Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is classified as a pregnancy category B drug by FDA (meaning no evidence of any risk to the fetus in controlled animal trials but insufficient data is available for humans). If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to conceive, please consult your doctor before using Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml.

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is also secreted in human milk, if you are breastfeeding, please consult your doctor before taking Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml. 

Contraindications

Please tell your doctor if you have a history of any of the following before using Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml:

• Allergy to Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml or penicillin
• kidney impairment
• Severe liver disease
• Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea 

Precautions

Please tell your doctor about any of the following conditions before using Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml:

• Hypersensitivity to antibiotics or other medicines should always be discussed with h doctor
• Mild to moderate liver impairment
• Mild to moderate kidney impairment
• Anemia 
• Seizures may occur especially if patients with kidney disease are given  Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml in insufficient doses, strictly follow your doctor’s prescription
• Prolonged prothrombin time 
• When treating elderly patients with  Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml, the dosage is set carefully to avoid side effects
• Comb’s test can be tested positive during treatment with Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml, it may also affect your glucose test. Make sure you provide a complete list of your prescription
• History of colitis or Gastrointestinal disturbances like diarrhea, such patients are at risk of Clostridium Difficle related diarrhea in which case  Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml may need to be stopped
• Make sure to complete the prescribed course completely to avoid future resistance to the same bacteria 
• When using syringes, make sure to use a new sterile syringe for every dose, discarding the used ones following the universal protocols for sharp disposal
• In case of a pregnancy, or if you are planning to conceive a baby/ breastfeeding before starting  Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml always ask your doctor first

Interactions With Other Medications

Few medicines can interact with Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml some of which are enlisted below. Please tell your doctor about the use of the following before using Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml:

• Other antibiotics 
• Vaccines (e.g., typhoid vaccine, BCG)
• Warfarin 
• Furosemide
• Acyclovir 
• Probenecid
• Paracetamol / acetaminophen 
• Acetazolamide 
• Antivirals such as abacavir
• Estrogen/estradiol
• Celecoxib 

Adverse effects

Like most medicines, Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml has some side effects which include:

Common Adverse Effects

• Pain/ tenderness at the site of injection
• Phlebitis
• Nausea 
• Indigestion (stomachache)
• Diarrhea
• Fever /chills
• Abdominal pain 
• Numbness 
• Dizziness

Less Common  Adverse Effects

Immediately consult your doctor if you notice any of the following or worse signs:

• Hypersensitivity/allergic skin reactions
• Change in skin color/urine discoloration
• Sore throat
• Secondary infections
• Oral thrush (opportunistic fungal infection of the mouth)
• Watery or bloody diarrhea
• Cold clammy skin, discoloration of fingers
• Convulsions
• Skin rash 
• leukopenia/neutropenia 

LIST OF HOW TO DEAL WITH ADVERSE EFFECTS

• Soreness at the site of injection – A cold compress can be used for 5 minutes to ease out the soreness.
• Fatigue – Patients experiencing this adverse effect, are advised to take deep breaths, intake tea or coffee, get a good night’s rest, and not overburden themselves for a few days.
• Feeling drowsy – If the medication makes you feel drowsy or sleepy, stop what you’re doing and sit or lie down until you feel better and do not rise too fast or immediately from a sitting or lying down position to a standing posture. Do not drive or use tools or machinery in case of any of these effects.
• Headaches – In which case make sure you rest and drink plenty of fluids. Avoid the use of alcohol. Take a prescribed painkiller. Consult your doctor if the headaches last longer than a week or are severe
• Feeling or being sick (nausea or vomiting) or diarrhea – Avoid eating rich or spicy food. It might help to take medication after food. If you’re sick, try drinking small, frequent sips of water.
• Feeling dizzy (lightheaded) or weak – If the medication makes you feel dizzy or weak, stop what you’re doing and sit or lie down until you feel better, and do not rise too fast or immediately from sitting or lying down position to a standing posture. Do not drive or use tools or machinery in case of any of these effects.
• Muscular Aches and Pains – A hot or cold compress can be placed at the area of discomfort to bring relief; an over-the-counter pain reliever such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can be ingested to bring ease as well. Avoid high-intensity exercise while suffering from muscular pain.
• Heartburn – Can be dealt with by chewing on mint-flavored gum that’ll help neutralize the acid in the body. Standing up straighter, adding ginger to the daily diet, elevating the patient’s upper body, and having licorice supplements has shown to provide relief.
• Skin Rash – Can be eased by applying soothing and healing lotions or creams such as calamine lotion/cream. Apply a cold compress to the rash helps reduce itchiness and redness caused by the rash. An antihistamine (prescribed by a doctor) is also recommended as an effective way to combat any skin rash.
• Flu-like symptoms – To manage symptoms, patients are advised to drink plenty of fluids and get plenty of rest and sleep. Take an antihistamine, a nasal decongestant, or a lozenge to feel better when needed.
• Redness Of the Skin – Can be combated by applying a cold pack to the affected area.
• Fever – Patients are asked to ingest over the counter painkillers (such as Paracetamol), take in plenty of fluids, and rest for a couple of days till the symptoms pass
• Sore throat – Can be eased by adding honey to warm drinks and having oral lozenges, to provide soothing relief to an irritated throat. Ginger tea has been known to decrease inflammation of an irritated throat thus, providing relief.

FAQs

#1. What If I Miss a Dose Of Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml?

If you miss a dose of the medication, make sure you take it as soon as possible on that same day. If you don’t remember you missed the dose until the next dosage time or the next day, do not double the dose and take your medication as per schedule.

#2. How to Store Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is distributed as a powder to be assembled as an injectable solution, dry mix, and solution both must be kept away from the reach of children, in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight and humidity in a refrigerator as that tends to ruin certain drugs. After mixing, it can be stored at room temperature at around 25°C for 1 day or stored in a refrigerator for up to 7 days. Do not defrost/microwave the Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml

#3. How Does Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Work?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml belongs to a widespread chemical group known as antibiotics. Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml works by preventing the survival, growth/multiplication of the bacteria in the human body thus eradicating the infection. It affects the components of the bacterial cell wall.

#4. Will Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Affect My Sexual Activity?

No, there isn’t sufficient evidence to suggest that patients experience a decrease in libido.

#5. Can I Take Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml During My Pregnancy?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml must always be discussed regarding safety during pregnancy, please consult a doctor first before using Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml

#6. What Are Common Side Effects Caused By Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml?

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal cramps
• Fatigue
• Skin rash
• Headaches 
• Sore throat

#7. Does Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Cause Addiction?

No, this drug has shown no evidence to prove addiction of any kind in any patient.

#8. Can I Consume Alcohol With Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml?

Alcohol if taken with the medication may lead to extreme dizziness. It is best to avoid the intake of alcohol during your treatment.

#9. Is Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Safe to Give to Elderly Patients?

Yes, but for elderly patients, the dosage of the drug may be lower than normal due to decreased kidney function, Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml may not be effectively removed from the body and so, in such cases, the doctor may prescribe an altered dose of the Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml.

#10. Can Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Be Used If a Patient Is Having Flu Symptoms?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is not deemed to be effective against viruses as Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is an antibiotic and therefore works on bacteria to eliminate bacterial infections.

#11. What Lab Tests Will Be Prescribed While Treatment With Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml And How Often?

Kidney and liver function tests along with blood tests to keep a check on creatinine levels and prothrombin time are advised to be done along sometimes with an ECG test to monitor heart rhythm.

#12. Is Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml Safe for Kidneys?

Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml is removed from the body majorly by the kidneys which imply that renal adequacy should be sufficient otherwise it may increase the risk of drug accumulation and side effects. Therefore, it is advised to take Maxum 2gm Injection 10 ml only when prescribed by your docor and inform if you have pre-existing kidney disease.