Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S

Description

About

{{Product}} contains “Allopurinol” as an active therapeutic agent that is mainly prescribed for the prevention and treatment of gout. Gout is characterized by pain with increased uric acid concentrations in blood which occurs due to the formation of uric acid crystals in tissues, specifically around the joints. Cancer chemotherapy can be a reason for developing gout that may give rise to kidney stones and arthritis.

Chemotherapy medications destroy cancer cells out of which, uric acid may release as a product. Increased uric acid in the blood can lead to inflammation, swelling, and redness around the joints that is associated with severe pain and immobility in worst cases.  {{Product}} acts as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor which in turn reduces uric acid production in the body, hence saving a vulnerable individual from kidney stones and gout.  

Indications

{{Product}] is indicated for the management of:

• Primary and secondary gout i.e. acute pain episodes in the joints, nephropathy, and joint destruction.

• Leukemia, lymphoma, and other malignancies in which chemotherapy is the precursor to initiate serum uric acid production.

• Recurrent calcium oxalate calculi (a type of kidney stone)

• Symptomatic hyperuricemia (increased concentration of uric acid in the blood)

How Does Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S Work

{{Product}} contains Allopurinol (analogue of hypoxanthine) as an active therapeutic agent which potentially inhibits the enzyme, Xanthine Oxidase. This enzyme converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and from xanthine to uric acid in the metabolic pathway of purine bases. This way, Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S limits uric acid production and acts like a potent drug in preventing the risk factors associated with high serum uric acid concentrations rather than treating acute gout attacks. 

By reducing the concentration of uric acid in the blood, Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S increases the urinary excretion of hypoxanthine and xanthine. Uric acid levels in the blood are decreased without getting exposed to the renal tissues and hence the risk of crystalluria (cloudy appearance of urine due to the presence of crystals) is also minimized. As hypoxanthine and xanthine are readily soluble, the renal excretion of these compounds occurs rapidly. This ensures that there is a lesser risk of deposition of hypoxanthine and xanthine in the renal tissues than that of uric acid. This way, Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S acts as a safe and potent agent to prevent kidney stones and renal tissue damage.  

How To Use Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S

{[Product}} is supposed to be taken orally (by mouth) with a glass full of water, followed by a meal. Taking Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S in a full stomach reduces the chances of stomach upsets. Drinking plenty of water during the treatment is also recommended unless there are any specific medical reasons for low fluid intake are not associated. The treatment may extend from weeks to several months depending on your body’s response to the treatment which is determined by routine monitoring of serum uric acid levels and necessary renal function monitoring. The treatment is usually started with low doses, but splitting the dose is recommended when treatment with high doses is desired.

Dosage

100mg once daily is the recommended initial dose. The therapy continues for a week until the level of serum uric acid decreases to 6mg/dL. The dose can go up to 30mg daily. But it should not be exceeded by more than 800mg daily. 

Adult Dose

Gout

• 100mg once daily initially, and then the dose is increased weekly up to 200-300mg once daily depending on the response to treatment. 

• The dose in moderate to severe cases is increased weekly to 400 to 600 mg once daily. 

Chemotherapy Induced Hyperuricemia

• 600 to 800 mg every 8 to 12 hourly in divided doses, start 1 to 2 days before chemotherapy.

Pediatric Dose

Hyperuricemia

• 10 mg/kg/day with 12 hours of the interval, in divided doses. The dose should not exceed more than 600mg/day. 

Chemotherapy Induced Hyperuricemia

• 150mg per day every 8 hourly in divided doses (children less than 6 years of age)

• 300mg/day once daily or in divided doses given at the interval of 8 hours (children of age 6 to 10 years)

• 600 to 800 mg/day, start 1 to 2 days before chemotherapy (children older than 10 years of age)

Pregnancy And Lactation 

Pregnant women should be advised of the potential risk to the fetus and safety is not evident. Small amounts of the active agent “Allopurinol” are secreted in the breast milk along with its active metabolite, “oxypurinol”. However, the severity of side effects in infants is not explicit. Lactating mothers are advised not to breastfeed during treatment with {[product}} or at least after one week of the last dose. 

Contraindications

{{Product}} is contraindicated in the following population:

• Those who have a history of hypersensitivity to the active agent or any of the excipients. 

• Those who are of Han Chinese, Thai, or Korean origin. They carry the genetic marker of severe skin reactions which indicates that this population is at higher risk of developing Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome. 

• Kidney or liver compromised patients.

• Those who have thyroid issues.

• Those who have asymptomatic hyperuricemia 

Precautions

• {{Product}} should be used with caution in people who are receiving myelosuppressive agents as it promotes myelosuppression. 

• Hepatotoxicity is reported in recipients of Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S so it should be given with caution in hepatic compromised persons. 

• The person who is being treated with ACE inhibitors is at high risk of developing a hypersensitivity reaction with the use of Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S. 

• The doses of Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine should be reduced if concomitant administration is required. 

• People with impaired renal function should be treated with caution and the dose of diuretics should be reduced if they are receiving any. 

• Sufficient fluid intake is recommended to dilute the urine as the concentration of uric acid is increased in urine during the treatment. 

Interactions With Other Medications

Following medications interact with {{Product}}, so your healthcare provider should know if you are taking these:

• Azathioprine

• Mercaptopurine

• ACE inhibitors (e.g. captopril, enalapril)

• Didanosine 

• Protamine

• Magnesium hydroxide antacids (3 hours gap between doses is recommended)

• Furosemide

• Anticoagulants (e.g. Aspirin, Warfarin,  etc)

• Paxidartinib 

• Theophylline

Adverse Effects

Common Side Effects 

• Skin rash

• Renal problems 

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Increased levels of TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone)

Uncommon Adverse Effects 

• Acute liver injury 

• Diarrhea

• Steven Johnson Syndrome

• Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Rare Adverse Effects

• Fever and Chills

• Headache

• Mouth ulcers

• Conjunctivitis

• Angioedema (urticaria like skin reaction) 

How To Cope With Some Of The Adverse Effects

• Skin Rash –  Symptoms of an allergy include coughing, wheezing, runny nose, sneezing, redness of the skin, swollen eyes, rash, blisters, and throat swelling. Take an antiallergic over-the-counter medication to suppress the symptoms. However, you should take professional advice if the symptoms persist. 

• Nausea & Vomiting –  Take small and frequent meals, avoid taking heavy meals. Inhale some fresh air, chew peppermint gum, or take peppermint tea. You can also take an anti-emetic if there are episodes of vomiting, after discussing it with your doctor. 

• Renal Issues – Limit sodium and potassium content in your diet. Avoid frozen and canned food as it contains preservatives that might affect your renal health.  Reduce the intake of protein and drink plenty of water. 

• Conjunctivitis – Soak your eyes with a clean and wet cloth. Over-the-counter eye drops (artificial tears) aid in relieving symptoms. Your doctor might prescribe you antibacterial eyedrops and ointments which relieve conjunctivitis. Avoid wearing contact lenses until the infection and irritation go away. 

Key Facts About Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S

• {{Product}} helps in the ailment of inflammation and painful joints by decreasing the serum uric acid concentration which was elevated due to many reasons such as cancer chemotherapy, kidney stones, and arthritis. 

• {{Product}} requires long-term administration to treat hyperuricemia or gout. As the treatment depends on routine monitoring of serum uric acid and the doses are recommended according to clinical response to the treatment.

• You may experience frequent gout attacks (severe joint pain) during the first few months of the treatment with Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S. Your doctor might suggest pain relievers such as colchicine or NSAIDs to reduce painful episodes associated with a gout attack.  

FAQ’s

• DOES {{PRODUCT}} HELP IN RELIEVING GOUT-ASSOCIATED PAIN?

{{Product}} is not a pain-relieving medication. It treats the symptoms of gout or hyperuricemia. Your doctor will provide pain relievers separately for the ailment of gout attacks. 

• CAN I TAKE ANY NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS DURING THE TREATMENT?

Tell your doctor if you are taking additional supplements. He may adjust the doses if there are any interactions with the product. Avoid the intake of a large amount of Vitamin C as it may make the urine more acidic which is not desired. As urine already has acidic ph due to the elimination of uric acid.

• HOW LONG DOES {{PRODUCT}} TAKE TO PRODUCE ITS EFFECTS?

{{Product}} takes a few weeks to produce its uric acid lowering effects. You may experience episodes of gout attacks during the start of treatment which indicates that Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S has started producing its effects. 

• IS IT SAFE TO USE {{PRODUCT}} FOR A LONG TIME?

{{Product}} is prescribed for long-term treatment as starts treating hyperuricemia after a few weeks of intake. Adverse effects do not appear until you exceed the prescribed dose. 

• WHY {{THE PRODUCT}} IS TAKEN ALONG WITH CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY?

Chemotherapy triggered cell death releases uric acid as a by-product which is essential to get eliminated from the body. That is why Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S is prescribed as a supportive treatment along with chemotherapeutic medications to prevent hyperuricemia in cancer patients. 

• DOES {{PRODUCT}} INTERFERE WITH CONTRACEPTION?

Whether you are taking a combined pill or emergency contraception, Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S doesn’t tend to interfere with contraception. But if the ingestion of Zyloric 300mg Tablet 10 ‘S is followed by vomiting, there is a chance that contraception may fail to prevent pregnancy. 

• CAN I DRIVE AFTER TAKING {{PRODUCT}}?

It is okay to take a ride unless you are not feeling sleepy. Also, avoid operating machinery that requires physical effort. 

• ARE THERE ANY DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS DURING THE TREATMENT WITH {{PRODUCT}}?

There are no restrictions on food unless the underlying disease requires you to limit the intake of certain food. Frequent drinking of alcohol should be avoided because it can trigger a gout attack. 

• WHAT ARE THE DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS IF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS ARE HIGH?

Your healthcare provider might refrain you from eating red meat, kidney beans, seafood, sugary drinks, fatty food, and excessive intake of alcohol. 

• CAN A PREGNANT OR BREASTFEEDING WOMAN TAKE {{PRODUCT}}?

Safety of {[product}} is not established in a pregnant or breastfeeding woman. However, a small concentration of the active ingredient is secreted in the breastmilk. So potential side effects in the mother and infant should be considered before starting the therapy.